What is Orifice Meter used for ? What is the use of Orifice Meter ?

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What is Orifice Meter used for ? What is the use of Orifice Meter ?

In order to be sure that everything is going well in the industry, you should be able to constantly monitor the substances entering and exiting the process, take measures or make adjustments when necessary. The orifice meter is one of the most used tracking elements in flow measurement. How would you like to take a look at what the orifice meter does and its working principles ?

Orifice meter is used to measure the fluid flow rate of a pipe with fluid in order to create a pressure difference, with restrictions in the cross-sectional area. If you want to visualize the orifice meter, it would not be a wrong approach to think of an hourglass in a horizontal position.

What is the working principle of Orifice meter ?

So how does the orifice meter work ? The principle of operation is quite simple. As the fluid passes through the orifice, its speed increases as the cross-sectional area decreases. Due to this increased speed, a sudden decrease in the pressure in the pipe is observed. After the transition from the orifice is completed, since the cross-section area becomes old and widened, the speed decreases again and it regains its former speed. As the speed decreases, the pressure in the pipe increases again. This pressure difference is also measured with the help of manometers that appear in the figure.

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What is the working principle of an Orifice meter ?

As it is known, in the fluid power circuits, the pressure difference occurs between the two points where the fluid is moving. If there are factors such as cross section difference that increase the resistance in front of the flow, this pressure difference increases even more.

But when the motion of the fluid stops (for example, we can think of a moment in the hydraulic circuit when the cylinders stop by means of valves or because of the end of the stroke) the pressure value between the two points will be equal. Therefore, if the pressure needs to be detected somewhere in the hydraulic circuit, or if there is a need for a flow rate lower than the line flow, we can feed these points by inserting an orifice into a line to be drawn from the main lines.

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What does Orifice meter mean ? What is the use of an orifice meter in a laboratory ?

An orifice meter is a conduit and a restriction to create a pressure drop. An hour glass is a form of orifice. A nozzle, venturi or thin sharp edged orifice can be used as the flow restriction.

In order to use any of these devices for measurement it is necessary to empirically calibrate them. That is, pass a known volume through the meter and note the reading in order to provide a standard for measuring other quantities.

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How does an Orifice meter work ?

As the fluid approaches the orifice the pressure increases slightly and then drops suddenly as the orifice is passed. It continues to drop until the “vena contracta” is reached and then gradually increases until at approximately 5 to 8 diameters downstream a maximum pressure point is reached that willOrifice be lower than the pressure upstream of the orifice.

The decrease in pressure as the fluid passes thru the orifice is a result of the increased velocity of the gas passing thru the reduced area of the orifice.

When the velocity decreases as the fluid leaves the orifice the pressure increases and tends to return to its original level. All of the pressure loss is not recovered because of friction and turbulence losses in the stream.

The pressure drop across the orifice increases when the rate of flow increases. When there is no flow there is no differential. The differential pressure is proportional to the square of the velocity, it therefore follows that if all other factors remain constant, then the differential is proportional to the square of the rate of flow.

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What is the advantage of working with an orifice meter instead of a venturi meter ?

The orifice meter operates on the principle similar to the venturimeter. Because the venturimeter is expensive and takes up a lot of space, an orifice meter is preferred.

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Flow control valves are two types, viscosity dependent and independent. Those that are not dependent on viscosity are called orifices. Flow control creates resistance in a hydraulic system.

The 2-way flow regulating valve consists of two control elements, one of which is not viscous-bound (orifice) and the other is an automatic dimmer that performs the adjustment task.

The adjustment section is changed by the pressures acting on the automatic throttling element. The automatic throttling element mentioned here can also be called pressure balance. These valves are symbolized by a rectangle that includes an symbol of the adjustable flow control valve and an arrow indicating the pressure balance.