What is the Great Purge in the history of USSR ? When did Great Purge happen ?

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What is the Great Purge in the history of USSR ? When did Great Purge take place ?

The era, which was referred to as the period of Great Purge or Great Terror and started with Moscow Trials, paved the way for Joseph Stalin to be the only man in the Communist Party. During this political liquidation movement between 1936 and 1939, hundreds of thousands of people were shot or disappeared without any trace. According to Russian sources announced in 1988, 1.5 million people were killed during this period, while millions had to endure unforgettable suffering.

For a period of more than 25 years, starting in the 1930s, the Soviet system displays immutable characteristics in terms of its social and political qualities. It is Josef Stalin who made his political and ideological mark on this period, where even open socialist opposition was not possible. The characteristics of this period, in which the “truths” in every field, from philosophy to the economy, from philology to history and genetics, were determined by Stalin, continued its influence after his death.

This effect is not limited to the countries in which the Marxist-Leninist parties came to power after the Soviet Union and World War II. The ideological / political and organizational framework drawn by Stalin, as decisive in the shaping of these country regimes, has been the main axis of the socialist movement in the world for a long time.

Approaches that consider this phenomenon as an extension of the tradition of “Slavic spirit” and the “despotic state” of the eastern societies, as well as the views on “the roots and analysis of Stalin and the phenomenon of Stalinism” which began to be “the logical result of Leninism” and consider it as an “ideology and model of economic development”. By linking it to Stalin’s personality, it is possible to observe the understandings that explain it as “a deviation from Marxism-Leninism”. On the other hand, it would not be wrong to seek the origin of this phenomenon in Russia’s economic and social backwardness and in the “peasant problem”, that is, under the conditions peculiar to this country as a whole.

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When did Great Purge start in USSR ?

The Great Purge of 1936-1938 in the Soviet Union can be roughly divided into four periods: October 1936 - February 1937. Reforming the security organizations, adopting official plans for purging the elites. March 1937 - June 1937.

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What is Great Purge in Russian history ?

Great Purge is a political pressure campaign in the Soviet Union between 1936 and 1938. While it led to cleanliness between the Communist Party and government officials, the oppression of the Red Army and landowners, as well as extensive police research, arrests and arbitrary executions. It is the most intense liquidation operation in Russian history, originating from the name of the chief of the Soviet secret police NKVD, from 1937-1938 to Yejovshina (also translated as “Yejov era”). It is estimated that 600,000 to 1.2 million people died. [3] [4] [5]

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The term repression was formally used to describe the prosecution of those who were considered counter-revolutionaries and public enemies by Joseph Stalin, then leader of the Soviet Union. The liquidations first started in the Red Army, and the techniques developed there were quickly adapted to the liquidations in other departments. that is, the cleaning in the army was the hardest and fastest part of this period, and it was the slate for the development of techniques. In addition to certain parts of the leadership of the communist party, there was also the clearing of government bureaucrats and red army commanders, many of whom were members of the party. campaigns also affected many other classes of society, such as intelligentsia, peasants, and ears. numerous nkvd operations accused soviet minorities of being fifth-arm communities. a number of liquidations were officially announced by the poland military agency as the elimination of possibilities of sabotage and espionage, but as a result most of the victims of the liquidation were ordinary soviet citizens of Polish origin.

According to Nikita Khrushchev’s secret discourse of 1956 (on the cult of personality and its consequences) and historian Robert Conquest, a large number of accusations, especially in the Moscow trials, are soviet Russian punishments, mostly related to torture confessions and counter-revolutionary crimes. It was based on the flexible interpretation of Article 58 of the Law. The legal process determined by the soviet laws that were in force at that time was mostly replaced by the rapid processing of the nkvd troika.