What does Gynecomastia mean in medical terms ?

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What does Gynecomastia mean in medical terms ?

Gynecomastia, caused by disorders in estrogen and testosterone balance, can often occur bilaterally and rarely unilaterally. This problem, faced by one in every 18 men in the world, is increasing rapidly. Unhealthy eating habits and inactivity lead to this increase. Today, the settled city life brought about by industrialization, the limited areas that can spend time and exercise in the cities, and the lack of movement and physical activity, unbalanced and inadequate eating habits also invite gynecomastia.

Although the cause is not known exactly, it is thought that there may be more than one reason. It is generally thought to be caused by an imbalance in sex hormones. Gynecomastia, which is common in adolescent men, disappears within a few years in the vast majority of cases.

Although it does not pose any health hazard, it may be an indicator of a different ailment that may threaten health in rare cases. It often causes social and psychological problems.

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What is a Gynecomastia in medical terms ?

Gynecomastia is the enlargement or swelling of the breast tissue in men. It can affect one or two breasts. It is mostly due to male estrogen levels that are unbalanced or too high with testosterone levels. In this case; breast pain and tenderness are common symptoms. Often manually controlled, a solid rubber tissue disc is felt directly under the breast area. It is observed that the fist can move easily within the breast tissue.

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What causes Gynecomastia in men?

Gynecomastia is most commonly caused by an imbalance between estrogen and testosterone hormones. Estrogen follows female characteristics, including breast enlargement. Testosterone controls male properties, such as muscle mass and body hair. Although each of these hormones produces the usual properties seen in men and women; males produce small amounts of estrogen, and females produce small amounts of testosterone. Male estrogen levels that are too high or unbalanced with testosterone levels cause gynecomastia.

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In which age groups does gynecomastia occur?

Gynecomastia occurs naturally at different times in a man’s life. These stages are as follows:

Postpartum process: Newborns are still under the influence of the estrogen they take from their mothers while developing in the womb. More than half of newborn boys are born with enlarged breasts. Gynecomastia passes within 2 to 3 weeks after birth.
In adolescence: Hormone levels change during puberty (usually 12 to 14 years old). Breast enlargement usually disappears 6 months to 2 years after the onset of puberty.
Middle age and after: Breast growth usually peak in men aged 50-80 years. About one in four men in this age range has breast enlargement.

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What are the reasons for Gynecomastia ?

There are many other conditions that can cause gynecomastia. These are obesity, lack of proper nutrition, tumors in the testicles or adrenal glands, liver disease, hyperthyroidism, kidney failure and some drugs used.

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What are the types of Gynecomastia ?

Gynecomastia is divided into three main types. In the first type of gynecomastia, mild breast lubrication, in the second type of gynecomastia, diaper swelling and in the third type of gynecomastia; It can be seen that both glandular lubrication abnormal growth in the mammary gland. Breast imaging tests-mammography and / or breast ultrasound can be performed to measure gynecomastia types. In addition, blood tests may be ordered to check the hormone level.

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What does Gynecomastia mean in medical terms ?

Gynecomastia is defined as benign (malignant) excessive breast development in men. It is derived from the combination of the Greek words gynec (feminine) and mastos (breast). Some studies say that one in three men has gynecomastia. Gynecomastia, which can also be observed in infancy and old age, most often occurs during adolescence. According to a study conducted in our country, the frequency of observation in men during adolescence is 34.6%. Although gynecomastia is not a harmful condition, it causes distress and shame in the person. Long-standing gynecomastia does not regress spontaneously. It requires medical treatment and surgical intervention when necessary.

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What are the causes of gynecomastia ?

Gynecomastia consists of the disorder or imbalance of estrogen and testosterone hormones. In other words, if the amount of testosterone in the body decreases or the amount of estrogen increases, gynecomastia may occur. This hormonal change can have many causes. Some of these changes are natural and there is no other underlying medical condition. Other gynecomastia may occur due to another condition.

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What type of drugs that cause Gynecomastia in men ?

Many drugs can lead to gynecomastia. Some of those;

Anti-androgen drugs that inhibit prostate enlargement or used in the treatment of prostate cancer
Anabolic steroids and androgens
Some antiretroviral drugs used to treat AIDS
Some anxiety medications
Antidepressants included in the tricyclic group
Some antibiotics, ulcer medications
chemotherapy
Some heart medications, such as calcium channel blockers

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Who suffers from Gynecomastia ?

Gynecomastia is a common condition in men and boys. The breasts swell and become abnormally large. All men and women have breast glands, but they are not noticeable in men, because they tend to be small and undeveloped.